California Payroll Tax Guide: SDI, PFL, and Everything Employers Need to Know

California has the most complex payroll tax system in the US. This guide covers state income tax, SDI, PFL, SUI, and ETT for 2026.

California has the most complex payroll tax system in the US. This guide covers state income tax, SDI, PFL, SUI, and ETT for 2026.

By ExpertPaystubs Editorial Team. Published 2026-02-05

California doesn't just have high income tax rates — it has an entirely separate ecosystem of payroll taxes that no other state matches in complexity. Between SDI, PFL, SUI, ETT, and 10 income tax brackets, California payroll is a category of its own.

California Payroll Taxes at a Glance (2026)

Tax Who Pays Rate Wage Base
State Income Tax Employee 1% - 13.3% Progressive brackets
SDI (State Disability Insurance) Employee 1.1% No cap (2026)
PFL (Paid Family Leave) Employee Included in SDI Same as SDI
SUI (State Unemployment Insurance) Employer 1.5% - 6.2% $7,000
ETT (Employment Training Tax) Employer 0.1% $7,000

California State Income Tax Brackets (2026)

California has 10 tax brackets — the most of any state:

Taxable Income (Single) Rate
$0 - $10,756 1%
$10,757 - $25,499 2%
$25,500 - $40,245 4%
$40,246 - $55,866 6%
$55,867 - $70,606 8%
$70,607 - $360,659 9.3%
$360,660 - $432,787 10.3%
$432,788 - $721,314 11.3%
$721,315 - $1,000,000 12.3%
Over $1,000,000 13.3%

The additional 1% Mental Health Services Tax applies to income over $1 million.

SDI (State Disability Insurance)

SDI is California's biggest unique payroll tax.

2026 Changes

  • Rate: 1.1% of all wages (no cap removed since 2024)
  • Previously: Had a wage cap (~$153,164 in 2023). Now applies to ALL earnings.
  • Who pays: Employee only (deducted from paycheck)

This means high earners in California pay significantly more in SDI than they did historically. An employee earning $300,000 pays $3,300/year in SDI.

What SDI Covers

  • Short-term disability benefits (up to 52 weeks)
  • Paid Family Leave (PFL) benefits
  • Covers approximately 60-70% of wages during leave

Overtime Rules — California Is Stricter

California has daily AND weekly overtime rules:

Hours Worked Rate
Up to 8 hours/day, 40 hours/week Regular rate
Over 8 hours/day OR over 40 hours/week 1.5× (time and a half)
Over 12 hours/day 2× (double time)
7th consecutive day (first 8 hours) 1.5×
7th consecutive day (over 8 hours)

Pay Stub Requirements

California Labor Code § 226 requires the most detailed pay stubs in the country. Every stub must include:

  1. Gross wages earned
  2. Total hours worked (non-exempt)
  3. Number of piece-rate units and rate (if applicable)
  4. All deductions
  5. Net wages earned
  6. Pay period dates
  7. Employee name and last 4 digits of SSN (or employee ID)
  8. Name and address of the legal entity employing the worker
  9. All applicable hourly rates and hours worked at each rate

Penalties: $50 for first violation, $100 for each subsequent violation per employee per pay period, plus attorney's fees.

How ExpertPaystubs Handles California

Our generator automatically calculates:

  • All 10 state income tax brackets
  • SDI at 1.1% with no wage cap
  • Daily AND weekly overtime
  • All 9 required pay stub fields per Labor Code § 226

Generate a California-compliant pay stub →